[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/od-barteru-k-financni-krizi\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/od-barteru-k-financni-krizi\/","headline":"Od barteru k finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi","name":"Od barteru k finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi","description":"Pl\u00e1tno \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednky, kdy m\u016f\u017eeme hovo\u0159it o z\u00e1rodc\u00edch pen\u011bz, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed vznikem takzvan\u00e9ho sm\u011bnn\u00e9ho, nebo tak\u00e9 barterov\u00e9ho, obchodu. Jednalo se vlastn\u011b o p\u0159ejit\u00ed vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na jinou osobu v\u00fdm\u011bnou. Nej\u010dast\u011bji byly prost\u0159edkem sm\u011bny mu\u0161le, j\u00eddlo, pl\u00e1tno nebo nap\u0159\u00edklad ko\u0159en\u00ed. \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tento druh obchodu ov\u0161em nar\u00e1\u017eel hned na n\u011bkolik probl\u00e9m\u016f. Za prv\u00e9, muselo doj\u00edt k\u00a0takzvan\u00e9 \u201edvoj\u00ed ... <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/od-barteru-k-financni-krizi\/\" class=\"more-link\">P\u0159e\u010d\u00edst<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \"Od barteru k finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi\"<\/span> &raquo;<\/a>","datePublished":"2023-06-12","dateModified":"2023-06-12","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"zasekni.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a301510_w2101_t1511600206.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a301510_w2101_t1511600206.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/od-barteru-k-financni-krizi\/","wordCount":472,"articleBody":"\tPl\u00e1tno\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednky, kdy m\u016f\u017eeme hovo\u0159it o z\u00e1rodc\u00edch pen\u011bz, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed vznikem takzvan\u00e9ho sm\u011bnn\u00e9ho, nebo tak\u00e9 barterov\u00e9ho, obchodu. Jednalo se vlastn\u011b o p\u0159ejit\u00ed vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na jinou osobu v\u00fdm\u011bnou. Nej\u010dast\u011bji byly prost\u0159edkem sm\u011bny mu\u0161le, j\u00eddlo, pl\u00e1tno nebo nap\u0159\u00edklad ko\u0159en\u00ed.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tento druh obchodu ov\u0161em nar\u00e1\u017eel hned na n\u011bkolik probl\u00e9m\u016f. Za prv\u00e9, muselo doj\u00edt k\u00a0takzvan\u00e9 \u201edvoj\u00ed shod\u011b pot\u0159eb\u201c. Tedy obchodn\u00edk, kter\u00fd cht\u011bl j\u00eddlo, ale nepot\u0159eboval pl\u00e1tno, musel naj\u00edt kupce, kter\u00fd nepot\u0159eboval tolik j\u00eddla, ale cht\u011bl pl\u00e1tno. Za druh\u00e9, kdy\u017e u\u017e se kupci na\u0161li, museli odhadnout vyrovnan\u00e9 hodnotyzbo\u017e\u00ed, co\u017e nebylo v\u017edy lehk\u00e9.\u00a0\tMince\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Z\u00a0d\u016fvodu dobr\u00e9 d\u011blitelnosti se p\u0159e\u0161lo na drah\u00e9 kovy. Ty byly rozd\u011bleny na mal\u00e9kousky a s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm podhodnocov\u00e1n\u00edm nebo nadhodnocov\u00e1n\u00edm ji\u017e nebyl probl\u00e9m. Postupem \u010dasu se za\u010daly na kov razit i r\u016fzn\u00e9 zna\u010dky. Prvn\u00ed mince jako takov\u00e9 tedy vznikly v\u00a07. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. v\u00a0Mal\u00e9 Asii.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u00a0mincemi vyvstala i pot\u0159eba pen\u00edze n\u011bkam ukl\u00e1dat. V\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti byly zalo\u017eeny prvn\u00ed banky, kter\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u011b slou\u017eily jen k\u00a0ulo\u017een\u00ed pen\u011bz.\u00a0\tBankovky\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mince byly t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, \u0161patn\u011b se skladovaly, nav\u00edc jich bylo pot\u0159eba velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. \u010c\u00edna tedy p\u0159i\u0161la s\u00a0n\u00e1padem pap\u00edrov\u00fdch sm\u011bnek. Bankovky jako takov\u00e9 jsou ov\u0161em uzn\u00e1v\u00e1ny a\u017e od 10. stolet\u00ed.V\u00edte, kdo je na \u010desk\u00fdch bankovk\u00e1ch?\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 100 K\u010d \u2013 Karel IV.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 200 K\u010d \u2013 Jan Amos Komensk\u00fd\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 500 K\u010d \u2013 Bo\u017eena N\u011bmcov\u00e1\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1000 K\u010d \u2013 Franti\u0161ek Palack\u00fd\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2000 K\u010d \u2013 Ema Destinov\u00e1\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 5000 K\u010d \u2013 Tom\u00e1\u0161 Garrigue Masaryk\u00a0\tBezhotovostn\u00ed pen\u00edze\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chv\u00edli to potrvalo, ale nakonec lidem p\u0159i\u0161ly nepraktick\u00e9 i bankovky. S\u00a0p\u0159\u00edchodem nov\u00fdch technick\u00fdch vymo\u017eenost\u00ed ve 21. stolet\u00ed vznikly bezhotovostn\u00ed pen\u00edze.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u00a0novou dobou vyvstaly i nov\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u2013 p\u016fj\u010dky. Lid\u00e9 je dnes ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ke zbyte\u010dnostem. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst p\u016fj\u010dek je v\u00a0obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed V\u00e1noci.\u00a0\tZaj\u00edmavosti\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm druhem platidla byly takzvan\u00e9 \u201etally sticks\u201c, tedy d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 desti\u010dky s\u00a0dr\u00e1\u017ekami, kter\u00e9 ozna\u010dovaly hodnotu. Tento zp\u016fsob placen\u00ed zavedl Jind\u0159ich I. Anglick\u00fd a udr\u017eel se a\u017e do roku 1826!\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Panovn\u00edk Gajchatu se sna\u017eil o pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz z\u00a0d\u016fvodu ust\u00e1len\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu. Jeho pokus se mu v\u0161ak nevyda\u0159il, a dokonce byl pot\u00e9 zavra\u017ed\u011bn!\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce st\u00e1l v\u00a0N\u011bmecku bochn\u00edk chleba 3 miliony marek. Obrovsk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst cen zp\u016fsobila hyperinflace.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Od barteru k finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi","item":"https:\/\/www.zasekni.cz\/od-barteru-k-financni-krizi\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]